ТЕРМИНЫ БОНСАЙ
Словарь японских терминов бонсай Стили бонсай chokkan - Formal UprightThe chokkan bonsai typically has a single, upright trunk that tapers toward the top, branches are symmetrically balanced and well spaced.
moyogi - Informal Upright
Moyogi bonsai have a single trunk like the chokkan, but the trunk is usually curved. The trunk generally tapers toward the top like the formal upright.
kabudachi (multiple trunks)
sokan - Twin Trunk
sankan - Triple Trunk
gokan - 5 trunk
Two (or 3 or 5) trunks growing from the same root. Usually one trunk is the largest and is referred to as the parent. Good conformation is based on the aesthetic balance of the smaller 'children' to the parent in trunk thickness.
shakan Slanting
A single trunk, similar to the formal and informal upright, but cultivated with the trunk growing at an angle other than 90 degrees to the ground. Branches are again balanced and well spaced.
netsuranari sinuous
sinuous bonsai have multiple trees growing from a single sinuous root. 5 needle pine are most commonly used for this style.
neagari exposed root
Roots growing up out of the ground, suspending the trunk in the air characterize this rare style of bonsai.
ikada raft
Similar in effect to netsuranari, but typically with one straight horizontal root joining the trees. This is usually accomplished by burying a larger tree horizontally and then training each branch as a separate tree.
fukinagashi Windswept
Similar to the slanting style, but all of the branches are swept in one direction as though it were growing in a place with a strong constant prevailing wind.
kengai cascade
An unusual form where the trunk and branches arch and 'cascade' over the edge of the pot. Usually planted in a deep pot to give balance to its unusual form.
bunjingi literati
upright or informally upright trunk bare of branches except at the top, characterized by a tasteful simple elegance. hokidachi broom broom style trees have an upright trunk, with branches evenly fanned out. It resembles an old fashioned broom standing on its handle.
yose-ue Group
Growing techniquesA group planting of distinct separate trees, representing a grove, or forest. ishitsuki rock-grown There are two basic types of rock grown bonsai, root grasping the rock, where the roots do enter the soil the rock is protruding from, and on, or in the rock, where the tree is planted in a pocket of earth attached to the rock, or in a hollow in the rock.
misho - grown from seed
yamadori - collecting plants from nature
sashiki - grown from cuttings
tsugiki - grafting
toriki - layering and dividing